Two Humanitarian Aid Boats Missing En Route to Cuba

Two sailboats carrying humanitarian aid to Cuba have disappeared in the Caribbean Sea, with nine people on board—including a four-year-old child—and no communication since they departed Mexico over a week ago. Mexico's navy announced on March 26 that it had activated a search-and-rescue operation for the vessels, named Friendship and Tigger Moth, which left Isla Mujeres in the state of Quintana Roo on March 20 and never arrived in Havana [1][2].

The boats were part of the Nuestra América Convoy, a sprawling international humanitarian mission organized in response to Cuba's escalating energy and economic crisis—itself a direct consequence of a U.S. oil embargo imposed in January 2026 [3][4].

What We Know About the Missing Vessels

The Friendship and Tigger Moth are sailboats that departed Isla Mujeres, a small island off Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, on March 20, 2026, bound for Havana—a crossing of roughly 300 to 350 miles across the Yucatán Channel and into the Caribbean [5][6]. They were expected to arrive between March 24 and 25. Neither vessel made contact after departure, and Cuban authorities have not confirmed their arrival [1][2].

The nine people aboard hold multiple nationalities. Mexico's navy has coordinated with maritime rescue centers in Poland, France, Cuba, and the United States, and has contacted diplomatic representatives of the crew members' countries of origin, suggesting the crew includes citizens of at least some of those nations [2][7].

The Nuestra América Convoy said in a statement that "the captains and crews are experienced sailors, and both vessels are equipped with appropriate safety systems and signaling equipment." No distress signals were received from either boat [8].

The Cargo and Its Intended Recipients

The two sailboats were loaded with rice, beans, baby formula, baby wipes, medicine, and other supplies [1][5]. The broader Nuestra América flotilla—of which these boats were a part—carried an estimated 50 tonnes of goods from Mexico, including hundreds of solar panels described as "essential for homes and schools" [9]. The entire convoy operation, encompassing air, land, and sea deliveries from 33 countries, transported roughly 20 tons of aid, with specific items including cancer treatment medications [10].

The supplies were destined for a country where fuel shortages have caused rolling blackouts, hospital closures, and breakdowns in food distribution and water pumping infrastructure [11][12]. Cuban authorities have reported a near-total ban on petroleum imports for over three months [13].

A Third Vessel Made It Through

A separate boat in the flotilla—dubbed "Granma 2.0," a reference to the vessel that carried Fidel Castro's revolutionaries to Cuba in 1956—arrived in Havana on March 24 carrying approximately 30 participants and delivering food, medicine, solar panels, and bicycles [13][14]. Its safe arrival raises questions about what happened to the other two vessels on a similar route.

President Miguel Díaz-Canel greeted the arriving participants, stating via social media: "They bring shipments of aid to combat the attempt to suffocate us. Welcome once again to the compassion of the people" [10].

The Search Operation

Mexico's navy (SEMAR) is using aircraft to search the route between Isla Mujeres and Havana [1][2]. The navy said it has established real-time communication with maritime rescue coordination centers in four countries—Poland, France, Cuba, and the United States—and has appealed to all seafarers and maritime authorities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico to report any sightings of the missing vessels [2][7].

The search area covers the Yucatán Channel, one of the Caribbean's major maritime passages, where strong currents flow northward into the Gulf of Mexico. Weather conditions, current patterns, and the type of vessel—sailboats rather than motorized craft—all factor into survival calculations and search parameters. As of March 27, no wreckage, debris, or emergency signals have been reported [1].

Who Organized the Convoy

The Nuestra América Convoy was founded in February 2026 by a coalition led by Progressive International and CodePink, the U.S.-based anti-war organization [3][9]. Its principal coordinator is David Adler, a 32-year-old California-based activist who previously participated in the Global Sumud Flotilla, a 2025 attempt to break the Israeli naval blockade of Gaza [15].

The convoy drew 650 delegates from 33 countries and 120 organizations [10]. Participants included former British Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn, Colombian Senator Clara López, former Spanish politician Pablo Iglesias, Amazon Labor Union president Chris Smalls, internet personality Hasan Piker, and Irish hip-hop group Kneecap [3][10].

CodePink separately chartered a plane carrying 100 people and delivered 6,300 pounds of medical supplies valued at $433,000 [3].

Criticism and Transparency Questions

The convoy has faced pointed criticism from multiple directions. Conservative commentators have characterized it as "socialist, anti-Donald Trump theater," arguing that participants stayed at expensive hotels, held concerts, and broadcast podcasts while consuming Cuba's limited electricity [5]. Critics contend the humanitarian supplies are unlikely to reach ordinary Cubans through non-governmental distribution channels.

More substantive concerns have come from Cuban dissidents. Art historian Salomé García Bacallao, exiled from Cuba, highlighted what she called a "double standard": the Cuban government welcomes international solidarity convoys while restricting the movement of citizens labeled as dissidents. "If they can enter, so can we," she said [15].

Progressive International's Advisory Council includes Mariela Castro, a deputy in Cuba's National Assembly and daughter of Raúl Castro, creating a direct organizational link between the convoy's leadership and the Cuban government [15]. Critics have questioned the absence of independent oversight mechanisms for how aid is distributed once it reaches Havana.

Supporters counter that the mission addresses an urgent humanitarian need regardless of politics. Activist Thiago Ávila acknowledged the effort is "a drop in an ocean of need" but characterized it as a necessary act of solidarity [13].

The Crisis Driving the Convoy

The missing boats cannot be understood outside the context of Cuba's 2026 crisis. On January 29, 2026, President Trump signed Executive Order 14380, declaring a national emergency and authorizing additional tariffs on imports from any country that supplies oil to Cuba [11][16]. The order followed the U.S. intervention in Venezuela, which cut off Cuba's primary oil supply, and explicit threats against Mexico—Cuba's other major supplier—which halted oil shipments to the island by January 27 [11][16].

The consequences have been severe. Cuba produces only about 40 percent of its required fuel domestically [13]. The national electrical grid has suffered complete collapses, leaving the island's 10 million residents without power for extended periods [12]. Hospitals have suspended operations, schools and businesses have closed, and shortages of cooking gas, gasoline, and diesel have disrupted transportation, food supply chains, and water infrastructure [11][12].

UN Secretary-General António Guterres stated he is "extremely concerned" about the situation, warning it "will worsen, or even collapse" if Cuba's oil needs are not met [11]. Brazil has pledged 20,000 tons of food, and China reportedly dispatched a ship carrying 60,000 tons of rice [10].

Source: GDELT Project

Data as of Mar 27, 2026CSV

Maritime Security and Geopolitical Complications

The disappearance occurs against a backdrop of heightened maritime tensions in the region. On February 25, 2026, Cuban border guards fired on a stolen Florida-registered speedboat in Cuban territorial waters, killing four people (later revised to five) and wounding others [17][18]. The incident further strained U.S.-Cuba relations and prompted the U.S. Coast Guard to issue urgent warnings against unauthorized sea travel to Cuba.

U.S. regulations prohibit any vessel under 100 meters from departing U.S. territorial waters for Cuba without a written permit from the Coast Guard's Southeast District Commander, a Bureau of Industry and Security license, and an OFAC license for travel-related transactions [19][20]. Violations carry penalties including vessel seizure, fines of up to $25,000 per day, and up to 10 years in prison [19].

These restrictions create a complicated jurisdictional landscape for search and rescue. The Yucatán Channel sits between Mexican and Cuban territorial waters, with the Florida Straits to the north falling under U.S. Coast Guard jurisdiction. The missing boats departed from Mexico, were headed to Cuba, and carried crew from at least four countries—requiring coordination across multiple sovereign authorities with strained diplomatic relationships [2][7].

The fact that Mexico has taken the lead in the search, rather than the United States or Cuba, reflects both the departure point and the current state of regional relations. Whether Cuban authorities have provided radar data, coastal patrol information, or other tracking assistance remains unclear from public statements [1][2].

U.S.-Cuba Diplomatic Context

Adding another layer: on March 13, Cuban President Díaz-Canel publicly confirmed for the first time that his government was engaged in diplomatic talks with the United States aimed at addressing the oil blockade [16]. Cuba agreed to release 51 political prisoners as part of these discussions. Russia's President Putin condemned U.S. actions and pledged to continue sending oil to Cuba, while Brazil's President Lula called for humanitarian assistance [11].

The missing boats have become, in effect, a microcosm of the broader crisis—grassroots actors attempting to fill a humanitarian gap created by great-power politics, using small vessels on a crossing that commercial shipping lines largely avoid because of embargo-related legal risks.

What Remains Unknown

Several critical questions remain unanswered as the search continues:

• Communication failure: Both vessels apparently went silent simultaneously or near-simultaneously. Whether this reflects a shared equipment failure, a common weather event, or something else is unknown.
• No distress signals: The convoy stated both boats had "appropriate safety systems and signaling equipment," yet no emergency beacons were activated [8].
• Cuban tracking data: Whether Cuba's coastal surveillance systems detected the vessels approaching or entering its waters has not been disclosed.
• Verification of mission: While the convoy's humanitarian purpose is well-documented through extensive media coverage and organizational records, Mexican and international authorities have not publicly addressed whether they have ruled out alternative explanations for the disappearance.
• Survival window: For sailboats adrift in the Caribbean with limited supplies and a young child aboard, the timeline for rescue is measured in days, not weeks. Water temperature and weather conditions are survivable, but provisions and exposure remain critical factors.

The Mexican navy stated it is "committed to using all of the resources at its disposal to locate the boats and ensure the safety of crews" [2]. The families and organizations connected to the nine missing people—and the broader community that organized the convoy—are waiting for answers that, as of March 27, 2026, have not come.